Rajiv Ranjan is a Senior-Scale Assistant Professor of Law at the School of Law, UPES, Dehradun. He earned his B.A.LL.B. from KIIT University (2018) and completed his LL.M at the National Law School of India University, Bangalore. Currently, he is pursuing a Ph.D. at the National University of Advanced Legal Studies (NUALS), Kochi. Before joining UPES, he taught at VIT Chennai (2021–2023) and Marwadi University, Rajkot (2020–2021). His research focuses on human rights and property legislation. He teaches Property Legislation, Humanitarian Laws, and Procedural Laws, and has received grant support for a project on women’s health in prisons. Arvind Singh Kushwaha is an Assistant Professor at the School of Law, UPES, Dehradun. He earned his B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) from NUSRL, Ranchi, and his LL.M. from RGNUL, Punjab. He is UGC-NET, SET, and JRF qualified. Before his academic career, he practiced criminal law and worked as an advocate in courts across Delhi. He also served as a Senior Research Fellow at the University of Delhi while pursuing his Ph.D. in human trafficking. His research primarily examines procedural law, criminal justice, special laws, white-collar crime, and human trafficking.