Description
This book emerged from a conviction that organised crime cannot be understood defeated through the narrow lens of criminal law alone. Its persistence across jurisdictions, cultures, and centuries reveals that it is not a moral anomaly but a structural expression of global capitalism, inequality, and governance. What began as an inquiry into the mechanics of illicit enterprise evolved into a broader study of the political economy of crime field where law, economics, and power converge to shape the moral architecture of modern societies. The research underlying this volume was driven by a central question: Why does organised crime adapt and thrive even as states expand their laws, technologies, and punishments against it? The answer, this book suggests, lies in the relationship between formal and informal economies, between state authority and social legitimacy, and between legality and inequality. When governance becomes exclusionary and economic systems reward accumulation without accountability, criminal networks emerge not as external threats but as internal adaptations. They replicate the logic of efficiency and profit that governs legal markets, blurring the line between licit and illicit enterprise. Throughout, the study adopts an interdisciplinary methodology combining socio-legal analysis, comparative criminology, and political-economic theory. Empirical and doctrinal data are read not as isolated phenomena but as reflections of systemic imbalance. The argument developed here rests on the premise that law does not simply regulate society; it mirrors its hierarchies. Thus, to reform the law is to reimagine governance.
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